What is the main effect of a permanent wave?

The main effect of a permanent wave is to alter the hair's texture and create curls or waves. This process involves using chemicals and heat to break and reform the disulfide bonds in the hair, allowing it to take a new shape. The result is long-lasting curls or waves that can enhance volume and style. This technique is widely used in the cosmetology field to provide clients with textured hairstyles that are low-maintenance compared to traditional curling methods.

Other options, such as straightening the hair, adding shine, or lightening the hair color, do not align with the fundamental purpose of a permanent wave. Straightening the hair typically involves different methods, such as chemical straightening or flat-ironing, which directly oppose the curling effect of a permanent wave. Similarly, adding shine is usually achieved through conditioning treatments or specific styling products rather than through chemical processes associated with permanent waves. Lightening hair color is accomplished through bleaching or highlighting techniques, which again are distinct from the objectives of creating curls or waves.